On October 31, 1833, the illegitimate child of the Georgian Duke Luka Stepanovich Gegi'anov, who lived in St. Petersburg, and Aphdorgia Antonova, the wife of a military doctor, was born because it was an illegitimate child. , had to put the child in the name of the servant Porfiry Borodin, so the child's real name was Alexander Porfilievich Borodin.
He received a good family education since he was a child, and he was very intelligent. He loved natural science and music since childhood. He learned many languages, played the piano, flute, and cello in his childhood. At the age of 9, he wrote his first musical work, the four-handed piano polka "The Greeks".
At the age of 17, he entered the medical school as an auditor, and received a doctorate in medicine in 1858. In 1859, he traveled to Germany, France, and Italy to study chemistry. Elected as an academician in 1877. He wrote more than 40 monographs on organic chemistry, and was the first to develop benzoyl fluoride. This series of scientific achievements made Borodin a famous scientist in Europe.
In the 120 years since his death, such a famous European chemist and doctor of medicine in the 19th century, the world will miss him not only for his contributions to science, but also for his legacy of nationality, people and oriental nation. A style of music, Borodin is considered an outstanding Russian composer, and a self-taught composer who has never received professional training. A scholar with outstanding achievements in chemistry and medicine eventually became a world-famous music master. What is the reason?
At the beginning of this article, it has been pointed out that Borodin was very intelligent and loved music since he was a child. Under the influence of several Hungarian classical composers and German composer Mendelssohn, he created a series of romantic, piano, chamber instrumental ensembles with Russian flavors, including string and piano trios, string quintets, sextets Wait. The piano quintet composed in 1862 shows that Borodin's early works have reached the level of professional composers.
The factors that made Borodin a master of music were, of course, his outstanding musical talent and his love for music, and more importantly, the influence of the most influential progressive thinkers and musicians on him at the time. Established a progressive musical aesthetic, became a follower of Glinka, and was thus remarkable for his composer's unique and mature style. In addition, the contacts with musicians such as the famous composer Dalgomeisky, the sister of the music activist Glinka, Shestakova, and the bass singer Petrov have greatly helped Borodin's creation. There is also a little-known figure who has a profound influence on Bao's, that is Bao's wife, female pianist Proto Popova, whom Borodin met in Heidelberg on a business trip to Germany in 1861. A good relationship has played a great role in broadening her husband's musical horizons, and she deserves to be Bao's virtuous inner helper.
Due to the above reasons, Borodin finally became the most national Russian patriotic musician in the 19th century. His best works include "Second Symphony", opera "King Igor", symphonic music "In the Steppe of Central Asia", lyrical vocal music "For the Coast of the Far Homeland", romantic song "Song of the Black Forest", "Sleeping Princess" etc.
In 1862, Bauer met Balakirev and was taught by Bauer. Under his guidance, he started the creation of the First Symphony. Two years after it was written in 1867, Bauer was the conductor and performed at the concert of the Russian Music Association. After the success of the previous performance, Bao, who was inspired, immediately started to create the opera "King Igor" and "Second Symphony" and the romantic "Sea" according to the theme provided by Stasov. Two years later, the score of the symphony was completed, but due to the busy scientific research and teaching work, the score was delayed until 1876. Bao's works are not easy to accomplish. He is very serious about his music creation and has very strict requirements. Therefore, each of his large-scale works takes several years. The longest time-consuming work is the opera "Ego". It took 18 years to create "The King of Er", and it was not finished until Bao's death in 1887. It was later completed by Rimsky-Korsakov and the composer and conductor Glazunov.
Borodin's "less but fine" works are naturally loved by the people, and because European musicians, especially Liszt, gave a high evaluation of Bao's talent, and two outstanding Belgian music activists spared no effort to publicize it. Bao's works have made him one of the most popular Russian composers in Europe.
The most important reason why Bao's works can go down in history is that he has established a good world outlook and aesthetic outlook. He is optimistic and fair towards life, and is convinced that people of noble character are strong and fearless. He believes that life is the source of strength and joy. Reason and good sentiments conquer all. The powerful appeal of his works lies in his lofty social ideals, while the optimism in his works stems from Bao’s recognition of the great spiritual power of the Russian people. The people in his eyes are the peasant masses and civilian intellectuals, who are opposed to the people. It was the aristocratic landlord class, and he didn't have much affection for the bourgeois petty bourgeoisie. On the other hand, his eulogies of Russian warriors and epic deeds are also his means of interpreting the power of the people, which is exhilarating, constructive rather than destructive, defensive rather than aggressive.
This poignant image from Russian history and folk heroic epics in Bao's works, like many artists in the 1860s and 1880s, is the result of paying attention to the past and cherishing the past, and paying attention to the past is to understand the present and look forward to the future. Bao's most important work, the opera "King Igor", is a model of national heroic narrative works in Russian music.
Another major contribution of Borodin to the Russian music scene is his symphony works. In 1867, Borodin wrote the First Symphony. Features. In 1876, the "Second Symphony" (the "Symphony of the Warriors") reached the peak of the Russian epic symphony, affirming the greatness, strength and patriotism of the Russian people. In his famous symphony "On the Prairie of Central Asia", the two contrasting themes—Russian-style songs and oriental melody songs are handled so as to complement each other and even reach a perfect match, so that Bao is also respected as Russian classical music. One of the founders of the symphony.
A successful medical doctor, educator, chemist who wrote more than 40 scientific works in his life, but left a unique chapter in the history of world music, his creation is not only for young Russian composers such as Kaliniko. It has far-reaching influence on the composers such as Debussy, Ravel and other Western European composers.
Borodin, who had worked diligently in two very different fields for 30 years, died suddenly of a heart attack on February 15, 1887, at a masquerade ball held by medical school professors, when he was less than 54 years old.
Today, on the occasion of the 120th anniversary of Borodin's death, we thank the composer for leaving a valuable artistic legacy for the world, and we can certainly gain some lessons and inspiration from the composer's extraordinary life.
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