Breast cancer is a malignant tumor, and the lesion is located in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland. Ninety-nine percent of breast cancer patients are women, and male patients account for only 1%. Breast cancer in situ is not fatal. If detected early, it can be cured by surgical removal. However, the connection between breast cancer cells is very loose and easy to fall off; after falling off, they will dissociate with blood or lymph to different parts of the body, causing cancer cells to metastasize, which is life-threatening.
Therefore, breast cancer prevention is very important, especially female friends, we must strictly prevent breast cancer, so that life can continue to be beautiful. At present, clinically, the etiology of breast cancer is still inconclusive. It is generally believed that breast cancer is accumulated by a variety of high-risk factors, and its pathogenesis is more complicated.
Early detection and timely treatment
Many women are willing to spend money to beautify their bodies, but they do not have the awareness of regular breast cancer screening. In addition, many breast departments in hospitals are male doctors, and women are taboo for examinations, so that they miss the best time for treatment.
Generally speaking, the symptoms and signs of early breast cancer are not particularly typical and are easily overlooked. Based on the clinical manifestations, the author summarized the common symptoms of breast cancer, which should attract women's attention.
1. Breast lumps. The first symptoms of most breast cancer patients are breast lumps, which can be felt on the breast with hard texture and irregular edges. Most of them are unilateral breast lumps, and most of them are painless. A few patients have varying degrees of tingling or dull pain.
2. Nipple discharge. If you are not a pregnant woman, you should pay attention to it and go to the hospital for breast cancer screening if you find that the nipple is flowing out of serous, blood or milk.
3. Skin abnormalities. Breast cancer can affect the skin on the surface of the breast, causing abnormalities such as varicose veins, redness, ulcers, and nipple changes. In the case of breast tumors with larger volume and faster growth, the skin on the surface of the tumor will be thinner by the tumor, and the blood vessels under the skin will become very obvious. At the same time, there will be vasodilation and tortuous veins. In breast cancer patients, the breast subcutaneous lymph vessels will be blocked by cancer cells, and breast lymphatic drainage will be obstructed, causing breast skin edema. The skin looks like orange peel with dot-like pores. The breast skin of some patients will ulcerate.
High risk factors for breast cancer
Although the specific cause of breast cancer has not been found, clinical practice has proved that breast cancer has the following high-risk factors.
1. Genetic factors. Clinical studies have found that women whose mothers suffer from bilateral breast cancer before menopause are 9 times more likely to develop breast cancer. In addition, the daughters of breast cancer patients suffer from cancer earlier than the average person.
2. Depression. Medical research has shown that people who are depressed are several times more likely to get cancer than people who are optimistic. Especially urban women in today's social background have to face job competition and take care of their parents, husbands and children. They are under a lot of mental pressure and are in a state of tension for a long time, which increases the incidence of breast cancer.
3. Early menarche and late menopause. Women who have menarche before the age of 12, or women who are older than 55 years of menopause have a higher risk of breast cancer than the average person.
4. Late marriage and late childbearing, not breastfeeding or unmarried but not childbearing. Nowadays, women have avant-garde ideas, their marriage age is getting older, and many career women choose not to marry or have children. Clinical data shows that female infertility, or the age of first childbirth over 30, are high-risk factors for breast cancer; unmarried women are twice as likely to develop breast cancer as married people.
How to prevent breast cancer
The cause of breast cancer has not been fully understood, so no exact preventive method can be obtained. From an epidemiological point of view, prevention of breast cancer can be done in terms of lifestyle, eating habits, emotional communication, physical examination, and disease treatment.
1. Develop a good lifestyle, especially women, do not stay up late for a long time, adjust the pace of life, deal with family and work conflicts, and maintain a happy mood.
2. Quit smoking and alcohol, low fat intake, develop a healthy diet plan that suits you according to your taste preferences, and pay attention to a balanced meat and vegetable mix.
3. It is recommended to feed infants and young children mainly with breastfeeding; do not stop breastfeeding prematurely and change to formula milk powder.
4. Women suffering from breast disease must be checked and treated in time, and should not refuse treatment because of busy work or saving money, so as to avoid more serious consequences.
Finally, female friends should read more popular science articles about breast cancer disease knowledge, master the methods of self-examination, and go to the hospital for breast cancer screening regularly to take precautions.
Breast self-examination method
Women over 20 years old, especially those over 40 years old, need to learn the methods of self-examination and regular self-examination. Pre-menopausal women usually take it one week after menstruation, and post-menopausal women choose a fixed monthly checkup on their own days.
Take off your shirt, face the mirror, and let your arms droop naturally. Observe whether the breasts on both sides are the same size, whether there are local bulges, whether the nipples on both sides are at the same level, whether one nipple is raised, and whether the skin looks like orange peel .
For the second touch, you can lie supine or sit, and those with smaller breasts can sit. Bring your right fingers together and gently press and touch with your fingertips, from the outer upper, outer lower, inner lower, inner upper, then the center, nipple and areola, remember not to pinch; then lower your arm and touch whether the axillary lymph nodes are swollen; the same method Check the other side.
